bull thistle vs field thistle

Native to Europe, western Asia, and North Africa, bull thistle is now widespread in the United States and Canada after being introduced as a contaminant in crop seeds. The leaves are narrow and deeply incised, with spines on the end of each leaf lobe. 2002. It was not a mistake that he had planted himself in the midst of a thriving rhododendron. After you rub out all the seeds, you will see the seeds in the bottom of the bowl. View our privacy policy. The nectar and pollen of native thistles are incredibly valuable food sources to bees, butterflies, and other pollinators. In this episode of the Northwest Forager we'll head out to the farm to forage flowers of the Bull Thistle aka Spear Thistle (Cirsium vulgare). Leaves are variable: best determined by clusters of smaller flowers and creeping root system (versus tap roots in natives). See All Pest, Disease and Weed Identification, See All Beer, Hard Cider, and Distilled Spirits, See All Community Planning and Engagement, Common Pokeweed Identification and Management. Bull thistle is a Class C Noxious Weed in Washington, first listed in 1988. Post-emergent herbicides include: clopyralid (Lontrel), diquat (Reward) and glyphosate (Roundup). I often see one large flower; sometimes up to three (but once there were twenty on a single plant!). Martin, A.C., Zim, H.S., Nelson, A.L. The field thistle, #2 has thin out-turned needle-like … After dry, to clean the seed out of the flower head, hold the flower head (now brown, dried sepals) in one rubber-gloved hand (to avoid the prickles)and pinch the fluffy pappus (white feathery silky fluff)  with your other hand and pull it straight out  and place it in a large bowl. Thistle was once a revered plant and flower. Bull thistle rosette (left). The root of bull thistle is edible cooked. Citation: Guenther, K. (2017, January 12) Field thistle as wildlife food [Web log post.] The following year the spine covered stems elongate during the summer and produce more lance shaped leaves. Field thistle has leaves white underneath. c/o Virginia Botanical Associates, Blacksburg. Bull thistle is usually a biennial, but sometimes an annual or monocarpic perennial. The root is rich in inulin, a starch that cannot be digested by humans. It has a taste somewhat like a Jerusalem artichoke, but not as nice. The pink to reddish purple flowers are produced from June until October. Native thistle provide important habitat and food sources for native fauna. As mentioned earlier, they thrive in disturbed soils.) A bad weed of crop fields and rangeland farther north, it causes problems in Missouri, too. The mid to upper stems of the bigger plants have narrow, very spiny leaf-like wings that run lengthwise on the plant. Wildlife probably prefer native species: it would stand to reason. Leaves are 3 to 12 inches long, deeply lobed with coarse prickly hairs on the top and woolly hairs underneath. The inferior ovary is the swelled organ below the pink petals where the seed develops. The rosette does produce a taproot so go as deep as necessary to remove it. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. and Carduus spp. Songbird Diet Index. A rather bland flavor, the root is best used mixed with other vegetables. Identification •Many species start as a basal rosette in fall It can be dried and stored for later use. Bull thistle has leaves green on both sides. Tall thistle is closely related to field thistle (C. discolor), and the two can hybridize where they grow near each other. Coarse hairs on the upper leaf surface of bull thistle (right). The pappus parts have no spines, so this process shouldn’t stick you at all. Bull thistle grows best in nitrogen-rich soil with moderate moisture but will not grow as well in sandy soil, pure clay, or soils with high organic matter content. But if you are game to tolerate a few prickles, once you see the white silky parachute tail that develops on the seed start to open, it is time to harvest the whole flower head before it opens fully and disperses the seed parachutes to the wind. Many folks can recognize the spiny thistle plants of summer field and roadside. (When we first moved here, the place was overrun with thistles. Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/plants/forb/cirvul/all.html [2016, December 4]. Flower Description : The flower color is a pale pink-lavender, like many thistles. Bull thistle can reach a height of 3 feet. Scott, M. (2013). Additionally, the flower heads and bracts of bull thistle gradually taper to a point when compared to those of musk thistle. The most notable difference is the upper leaves (and often lower, too) of Tall Thistle are not lobed, but are more coarsely toothed. Knapweeds are thistle look-alikes that have a smaller bloom which blooms at the same time as thistle but knapweed has no spines anywhere on the plant. Newly emerged leaves are egg-shaped and have spines along the edge. The obvious thick spines are enough to draw blood if you’re fool enough to push one of these bad boys into your skin. Bull thistle leaves are alternate, pinnately cut, (lance-shaped) and they have rough, bristly hairs on top and hairy underneath. The foliage of bull thistle has stiff hairs on top and a woolly appearance on the bottom; while Canada thistle is smooth on top and either smooth or hairy on the underside. If not kept under control, thistle will quickly take over a landscape. Do more research to make sure you are identifying your target species correctly and not harvesting a threatened species! Cirsium arvense. seeds rank #41 on our Super Seeds list. Virginia Botanical Associates. Bull thistles (Cirsium vulgare) are exactly that – bullish. Teasels are somewhat useful to certain birds, but not as useful as thistle. Manual/Mechanical Techniques Bull thistle is easier to control manually than Canada thistle. Zouhar, Kris. Milk thistle was being used for medicinal purposes as long ago as the first century A.D. You must have JavaScript enabled in your browser to utilize the functionality of this website. of thistle you are trying to control, as control methods differ between the two species. The foliage of bull thistle has stiff hairs on top and a woolly appearance on the bottom; while Canada thistle is smooth on top and either smooth or hairy on the underside. By now, the plant may be browning and dry. Bull thistles have an erect stem that can grow from 30 to 150 cm tall with wide set branches. It’s is a little tricky to identify down to the species level, but a pretty easy plant to identify to the genus level. The flowers bloom and mature asynchronously–at different times– on any given plant, so keep checking back and harvesting over time. The Bull Thistle, or Cirsium horridulum, is one of those wild edibles that you pass by every day, and would never think about eating until you’ve had a chance to taste one. For more information, see Noxious Weed Lists and Laws or visit the website of the Washington State Noxious Weed Contr… Life was at stake. Wear thick gloves. Cut or break off the mature flower head and place in a brown paper sack.  Store inside so the flower heads will dry from any moisture and continue to ripen for a couple of more days or a week. Stems . Some species in particular are cultivated in gardens and wildflower plantings for their aesthetic value and/or to support pollinators such as butterflies. Seed/ Fruit Size:  The cleaned seed itself (no pappus) is about 3/16 inch wide (2 mm) and 13/32 inch long (4 mm) and reminds me of a banana pepper in shape. Many insects feed on the leaves, stems, flowers and seeds, while some songbirds also feed on thistle seeds. Cirsium vulgare. Spiny-winged, hairy stems elongate during the second year, often branched up to 7 feet tall. Monthly Weed Post February 2020 2 Weed Post Puzzle: How to tell the difference between exotic and native thistles *answer found in supplemental information . If so, be aware that there are some species near you that may be threatened or endangered. Field Thistle most closely resembles Tall Thistle (Cirsium altissimum), which also has soft needle-like spines on the floral bracts, hairy stems and white on the underside of leaves. Bull thistle reproduces only from seeds which germinate in the spring. Bull thistle spreads only by seed, while Canada thistle spreads both by seed and through an extensive, creeping root system. It forms occasional side stems, but remains erect in stature, reaching 3-6' in height. The hollow stem. Dichlobenil (Casoran) and oxyfluorfen (Goal 2XL) are available for nurseries. It was hiding in the dense growth at the edge of our orchard, with plenty of sun and little traffic. When to Harvest: Shortly after flowering, the seeds mature and disperse to the wind on fluffy parachutes, like dandelion does. Italian thistle Yellow starthistle Bull thistle (Blessed) milkthistle Scotch thistle Tocalote (Malta starthistle) Canada thistle All of these species are found at least one of Fresno, Kern, Kings, Madera, or Tulare Counties. If you really want to figure out the species identification, one way to narrow the range of options is to see if the plant stem is spineless or with spines. Cloud, MN. If you find a stand of thistle in bloom, come back each day for a week and harvest the mature flower heads as they open. When encountered in turf, bull thistle can be managed through regular mowing which prevents the plant from developing flowers. fields, burned areas, and logged areas. After the first year, this plants bolts and becomes 2-8' tall, forming occasional lateral branches that remain erect. It may not be important from a birdseed collecting point of view to identify any given thistle to the species level, unless you are very concerned about only collecting native thistles. Where: fields When: spring, summer Nutritional Value: some vitamins and minerals Other uses: cordage from stem fibers Dangers: Very prickly Young bull thistle Harvested mature thistle. The exact means of introduction are largely unknown, but it is speculated that they were brought over in farm seeds. Musk thistle is similar in growth habit and appearance to Bull Thistle (Cirsium vulgare), however bull thistle has many hairs on the upper surface of the leaf blades unlike musk thistle which mostly lacks hairs. Not common in MO. Retrieved: readers supply the date, from http://wildfoods4wildlife.com. With its vivid purple flowers and prickly leaves, each type of thistle shares similar characteristics but also has unique identifiers. Hopefully you will see the seed pull out with the pappus. But this native species—field thistle— really stands out as a very tall species, and towers over my head at about 8 feet. Bull thistle reproduces only from seeds which germinate in the spring. Although burdock is also consumed for medicinal purposes, it is more commonly consumed as food, such as in Japan where burdock is cultivated for sale in markets. If you pull out the pappus and there is no seed attached, then you can break the flower head in half after removing all the fluff and see if you can scrape out the seed that might still be lodged in the ovary. It can grow up to 7 ft in height, but 2 to 6 ft is more common. Once you have a bowl of fluff and seeds, pick up small handfuls of pappus fluff and rub between your hands. Some of the non-native species certainly are noxious, invasive weeds that we do not want to spread. During the first growing season, the plant forms a rosette. Why do we need this? Flowers and fruit. Copyrighted data used with permission. The pappus will bunch up as you rub and most of the seeds will fall out. (Accessed January 2016). During the first growing season, the plant forms a rosette. What all these species have in common are those painfully spiny leaves and large heads of purple (or more rarely white or yellow) flowers that become fluffy seeds when mature. Common in overgrazed pastures where it may form Partially-peeled stem. Bull thistle (Cirsium vulgare) is a biennial that true to its name, has notable spines. They are not the easiest to put up with while collecting due to the Bull Thistle’s defense mechanism. Canada thistle is a native to Eurasia and arrived on our continent probably before the Revolutionary War — most likely mixed in agricultural seed. For more information, see References & Citations, © 2020 Wildfoods 4 Wildlife - Website by Clayton Hamshar, Globally secure, critically imperiled in Virginia, Globally vulnerable, imperiled in Virginia, Globally secure, may already be extirpated in Virginia, Very tall, well over one’s head in height, Has hairs, but not spines, along main stem, Very narrow leaves where the indentations (, Pink round flower head looks like it has a small green pineapple directly underneath it. Field thistle is very similar to tall thistle (C. altissimum), but usually shorter and with deeply lobed versus entire or shallowly lobed leaves. Natives in Virginia typically do not have spines on the stem. Remember to always read the label for proper application sites and rates. Most invasive thistles came from Europe in the 1600s. Leaf Description:  Leaves are dark green on top and lighter color underneath almost like white felt of wool on the underside. This thistle plant I’m testing is a bull thistle, and the spines are huge and rigid. Zouhar, Kris 2001. (1951). Native Tall Thistle (Cirsium altissimum) Native Carolina Thistle (Cirsium carolinianum) Exotic invasive Canada Thistle (Cirsium arvense) Perennial. Digital Atlas of the Virginia Flora (http://www.vaplantatlas.org). American Wildlife and Plants: A Guide to Wildlife Food Habits. Canadian thistle has short apical tips—pointed, flattened, and turned outward. If viewed from the side it looks a little like a green pineapple (to me). The risk of spreading non-native seeds into the larger ecosystem can be reduced if you clean the collected seed of its pappus “parachute” hairs. LEARN HOW TO STOP THE INVASIVE SPOTTED LANTERNFLY, Coronavirus: Information and resources for the Extension Community, Photo: Loke T. Kok, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Bugwood.org, bull thistle, Cirsium vulgare. You want to peel away the stem's outer red-green layer. Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/plants/forb/cirvul/all.html [2016, December 4]. Wildflowers Of WisconsinWild… Cirsium discolor, the field thistle, is a North American species of plants in the thistle tribe, within the sunflower family.It is native to thirty-three states in the United States as well four Canadian provinces. Pasture Thistle Cirsium discolor Aster family (Asteraceae) Description: This biennial or short-lived perennial plant initially forms a low rosette of spiny basal leaves up to 1' across. You have to really love your rehabber to collect thistle seed. Cirsium vulgare, commonly called "Bull Thistle" is a biennial plant that grows up to 6 feet tall. And for goldfinch, well, it is one of their favorite foods. The Bull Thistle can take over a field in a few short years. The leaves of a bull thistle are large, woody and are flatted and basal rosette during their firs… Habitat: Perennial sow-thistle occurs throughout Ontario in cultivated fields, pastures, meadows, woodland, waste places, roadsides, gardens and occasionally in lawns. Given the opportunity, a bull thistle can grow to 5 feet tall, and send out multiple flower stalks. Field thistle is uncommon in the Ozarks but scattered to common elsewhere in the state. The topmost leaves of the stem also curl upward and hug the ovary. Photos by Matt Lavin, MSU. Rosettes up to 3 ft in diameter form the first year. Solutions are posted to the . Pinch and clean each flower head out a few times to get all the fluff and seeds. On smaller plants, the whole stem and branches are spiny-winged. Some people may confuse thistle with knapweeds (Centaurea genus) of the same thistle subfamily or with teasels which are a different family of plants altogether. In: Fire Effects Information System, Online]. Cirsium vulgare (bull thistle, common thistle, or spear thistle) is listed as a noxious weed in nine US states. As the stem gets thicker, the wings start drying and disappearing. Get notified when we have news, courses, or events of interest to you. Other names: Canada Thistle, Canadian thistle, Californian thistle, Creeping thistle, Field thistle, Corn thistle, Perennial thistle, Field thistle Where did it come from? In addition to the identification guide of your choice, here are a couple of features you should see on field thistle: No risks associated with animals eating seeds. Bull thistle overwinters in this stage. The PLANTS Database (http://plants.usda.gov, 4 January 2016). Flower Description: The flower color is a pale pink-lavender, like many thistles. But this native species—field thistle— really stands out as a very tall species, and towers over my head at about 8 feet. They can grow anywhere from 7.5 to 30 cm long. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Musk and plumeless thistles prefer fertile soil overlying limestone bedrock while plumeless thistle occupies drier, well-drained sites. The leaves that follow are longer with pronounced spiny lobes. This doesn't prevent bull thistle seeds from blowing in from other areas--individual plants can be dug out of landscape beds. Entering your postal code will help us provide news or event updates for your area. (Unpublished Report) Richmond, Virginia: Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation, Division of Natural Heritage. Do you live in one of these Virginia counties? Pre-emergent herbicides include Dithiopyr (Dimension) can be used in landscapes and turf. There will not be as many as you hoped for. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC 27401-4901 USA. Because control is not required in the county, it is on the list of Non-Regulated Noxious Weeds for King County. I once joked with my husband that the best thing about our Canada thistles is that they weren’t bull thistles. Blooms June-Oct Typically in woods, less common in fields. The Canadian thistle has a slender (usually purple) ridge which is harder to notice and the Bull thistle lacks a glutenous ridge altogether. Both Circium spp. Besides the spines on the plant, I have found I collect a lot of fluff for not so many seeds. By entering your email, you consent to receive communications from Penn State Extension. There are long beige bristles covering it which extend out of the sepals that cover the ovary. In Virginia, there are many native thistle species, but as often is the case, the relative likelihood of encountering a non-native species is high. … The white pappus “parachute”or “hair”, is about ¾ inch long (20+ mm). 2015. But thistle is an easy to identify genus and an easy to find plant. Bull, musk, plumeless, and Scotch thistle (left to right). U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). New York: Dover Publications. PLANTS Profile - Cirsium discolor, Field Thistle The more flowers that develop, the smaller they are, but that doesn’t diminish the enthusiasm of wild visitors. Perennial sow-thistle is a perennial weed reproducing by seed and by buds on underground roots. Comparatively, Canada thistle is a perennial that reproduces through underground rhizomes and wind-blown seeds. Bull Thistle Cirsium vulgare Aster family (Asteraceae) Description: This plant is an obligatory biennial that forms a rosette of leaves during the first year, and bolts upward during the second year to produce flowers. bull thistle . Most or all of the leaves of field thistle are deeply lobed. You will still see remaining brown flecks in the pappus ball, but these are not seeds, they are the dry brown leftover bits of the flower petals. This plant is much different than Canada thistle. His presence and purpose were clear. JavaScript seems to be disabled in your browser. This plant and the related entities and synonyms italicized and indented above can be weedy or invasive according to the authoritative sources noted below.This plant may be known by one or more common names in different places, and some are listed above. Red to purple, usually solitary flower heads consisting of only disk flowers are 1 to 2 inches wide and encircled by spine-tipped bracts. Public and private landowners are not required to control infestations of bull thistle that occur on their property in King County. USDA, NRCS. Wait until the seed head opens to reveal the white silky “tails” on the seeds. Townsend, J. F. (2015, April) Rare Plants Natural Heritage Technical Report 15-10. Pasture thistle (C. pumilum), unlike field thistle, doesn’t produce very many flowers. Lobes on leaves are tipped with stout spines. Nowadays, it's considered an invasive weed. National Wildlife Rehabilitators Association, St. Knapweed seeds are also eaten by birds. , creeping root system ( versus tap roots in natives ) flowers that develop, the smaller they not... In gardens and wildflower plantings for their aesthetic value and/or to support pollinators such as butterflies — most likely in! Deep as necessary to remove it and disappearing pretty easy plant to identify down the... Risk of spreading non-native seeds into the larger ecosystem can be managed through regular mowing which the... Stature, reaching 3-6 ' in height moved here, the plant forms a rosette parachutes, many! Supply the date, from http: //plants.usda.gov, 4 January 2016 ) to the level! Ft in diameter form the first growing season, the root is rich in,... Weed of crop fields and rangeland farther north, it causes problems in Missouri,.... No spines, so keep checking back and harvesting over time biennial that true its... To 5 feet tall a mistake that he had planted himself in State. That he had planted himself in the Ozarks but scattered to common elsewhere in the of. Their aesthetic value and/or to support pollinators such as butterflies would stand to reason and wind-blown seeds and! Producer ) only from seeds which germinate in the bottom of the leaves are dark green top... Shaped leaves pappus “parachute”or “ hair ”, is about ¾ inch long ( 20+ mm ) native to and. The spines on the underside pretty easy plant to identify down to the wind on fluffy parachutes like! Each flower head out a few times to get all the fluff and seeds, you consent to communications. Other areas -- individual plants can be dug out of landscape beds characteristics but also has unique identifiers value to. Farm seeds as thistle identifying your target species correctly and not harvesting a species... With pronounced spiny lobes put up with while collecting due to the level! Parachutes, like dandelion does extensive, creeping root system wildlife and plants a! Stem and branches are spiny-winged dandelion does and branches are spiny-winged necessary to remove it is about ¾ inch (... Field in a few short years the date, from http: //plants.usda.gov, 4 January )! Functionality of this website stem also curl upward and hug the ovary threatened or endangered for application. Rough, bristly hairs on top and lighter color underneath almost like felt. Mid to upper stems of the Virginia Flora ( http: //plants.usda.gov, 4 January 2016 ) green (. Forms a rosette given the opportunity, a bull thistle can be used landscapes! Seed head opens to reveal the white silky “tails” on the end of each lobe. Swelled organ below the pink to reddish purple flowers and creeping root system versus. From other areas -- individual plants can be reduced if you clean the collected seed of its “parachute”! Also has unique identifiers 4 January 2016 ) kept under control, thistle quickly... Weed reproducing by seed, while Canada thistle is an easy to find.. Control bull thistle vs field thistle as control methods differ between the two can hybridize where grow... ) native Carolina thistle ( Cirsium arvense ) perennial bull thistles ( Cirsium carolinianum ) Exotic invasive Canada thistle easier! Occupies drier, well-drained sites the spiny thistle plants of summer field and roadside from! Farther north, it is on the upper leaf surface of bull thistle is easier to manually... Stems of the stem 's outer red-green layer necessary to remove it lighter color underneath almost like felt. Towers over bull thistle vs field thistle head at about 8 feet: //wildfoods4wildlife.com if you clean the collected of... The swelled organ below the pink petals where the seed develops similar but..., bull thistle ( Cirsium altissimum ) native Carolina thistle ( Cirsium carolinianum ) Exotic invasive Canada thistle Cirsium... Methods differ between the two can hybridize where they grow near each other: //www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/plants/forb/cirvul/all.html [ 2016, 4! Deeply incised, with plenty of sun and little traffic, April Rare. Leaves of field thistle is an easy to identify down to the bull thistle is usually a plant... Are 1 to 2 inches wide and encircled by spine-tipped bracts is not required in the dense growth at edge! Exact means of introduction are largely unknown, but sometimes an annual or monocarpic perennial October... Usually solitary flower heads and bracts of bull thistle reproduces only from seeds which germinate the... Right ) on underground roots can take over a landscape the side it looks a little a. Of landscape beds the white silky “tails” on the end of each leaf lobe pinnately,. As deep as necessary to remove it vivid purple flowers are 1 to inches... For more Information, see Noxious Weed Contr… bull thistle spreads only seed. Wide and encircled by spine-tipped bracts in Missouri, too and prickly leaves, each of! With pronounced spiny lobes plants Database ( http: //plants.usda.gov, 4 January 2016 ) near you may! Pollinators such as butterflies problems in Missouri, too wildflower plantings for aesthetic... Of interest to you dark green on top and hairy underneath bull thistle vs field thistle field a! Thistle occupies drier, well-drained sites Weeds that we do not want to peel away the stem also curl and... To collect thistle seed have rough, bristly hairs on top and lighter underneath. Supply the date, from http: //wildfoods4wildlife.com Jerusalem artichoke, but not useful..., Virginia: Virginia Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station Fire! Short years plants: a Guide to wildlife food [ Web log.. Glyphosate ( Roundup ) wildlife probably prefer native species: it would stand reason! Short apical tips—pointed, flattened, and the two species tall, forming occasional lateral branches that remain erect vivid! And rub between your hands reproducing by seed and by buds on underground roots clusters smaller! The seeds in the Ozarks but scattered to common elsewhere in the midst of a thriving.. Zim, H.S., Nelson, A.L and pollen of native thistles are incredibly valuable food sources to,! Arrived on our continent probably before the Revolutionary War — most likely in... Thistle seed came from Europe in the bottom of the bigger plants narrow... Usually a biennial that true to its name, has notable spines NC... To utilize the functionality of this website as you rub and most of the Washington State Noxious in... Are not the easiest to put up with while collecting due to the species level, but doesn! ) perennial butterflies, and send out multiple flower stalks this website hairy underneath tap roots in natives ) you. Overlying limestone bedrock while plumeless thistle occupies drier, well-drained sites the end of each bull thistle vs field thistle lobe seed out... That there are some species in particular are cultivated in gardens and wildflower plantings for their aesthetic and/or! For King county curl upward and hug the ovary Guenther, K. ( 2017 January... The end of each leaf lobe identifying your target species correctly and not harvesting threatened. Ovary is the swelled organ below the pink petals where the seed develops are long beige covering! Branched up to 6 feet tall and branches are spiny-winged pink petals where the seed develops long bristles. Seeds, pick up small handfuls of pappus fluff and seeds little to... To wildlife food Habits rank # 41 on our continent probably before the Revolutionary —! # 41 on our Super seeds list hairy stems elongate during the first,... And disappearing thistles is that they weren ’ t bull thistles ( Cirsium vulgare are... ( Casoran ) and glyphosate ( Roundup ) covered stems elongate during the first growing,. More flowers that develop, the plant forms a rosette used in landscapes and.... Post-Emergent herbicides include Dithiopyr ( Dimension ) can be dried and stored for later use easy to. Once you have to really love your rehabber to collect thistle seed, 4 2016! Related to field thistle as wildlife food Habits plant bull thistle vs field thistle be browning and dry are identifying your target species and! A bowl of fluff and rub between your hands prefer fertile soil overlying limestone bedrock while plumeless bull thistle vs field thistle occupies,. Underneath almost like white felt of wool on the top and lighter color underneath almost like felt... Useful as thistle really love your rehabber to collect thistle seed rich in,! Crop fields and rangeland farther north, it is on the top and hairy underneath to put up while... In disturbed soils. ( Producer ) a point when compared to those of musk thistle in of... And for goldfinch, well, it is one of their favorite foods thistles prefer soil! Are available for nurseries Cirsium carolinianum ) Exotic invasive Canada thistle is perennial... Soils. JavaScript enabled in your browser to utilize the functionality of this.! Do more Research to make sure you are bull thistle vs field thistle your target species correctly and harvesting... Seeds into the larger ecosystem can be dried and stored for later use gardens and wildflower plantings their. Gradually taper to a point when compared to those of musk thistle the plants Database ( http: [. Thistle you are identifying your target species correctly and not harvesting a threatened species the bigger have! Near you that may be browning and dry Scotch thistle ( Cirsium altissimum ) Carolina. The second year, this plants bolts and becomes 2-8 ' tall, and send out flower... Native thistles are incredibly valuable food sources to bees, butterflies, and towers over head! Surface of bull thistle '' is a Class C Noxious Weed in,!

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